The club was founded in the 1927/28 season, but disbanded in 1934. Midleton RFC was reformed on 4 March 1967.

After a number of decades in the junior leagues, Midleton attained senior status after the 1997/1998 campaign with a 30-7 playoff victory over Sligo RFC. Midleton were beaten finalists in the Munster Senior Cup in 2003. As of 2010, the club was playing in Division Three. By 2020, the club was playing in Division 2C of the All-Ireland League.